Friday, August 21, 2020

Event analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Occasion investigation - Essay Example In any case, one night the distribution centers and capacity administrator neglected to turn on the refrigerating framework before introducing foods grown from the ground which lead to decay. One potential answer for the issue is through the setting of progress the executives. The executives change is as of now one of significant spaces of authoritative research, and the investigation of hierarchical change has gotten one of the significant viewpoints in being capable and assisting with estimating the association execution; productivity and adequacy. It is essential to comprehend the degree to which formal changes in the executives frameworks and job solutions have brought about change in work conduct and occupation fulfillment experienced by staff (Manser, 2004). It is in this manner basic, when endeavoring to evaluate the effect of officially embraced changes inside an association, to look at the degree to which, and the manner by which, administrators have adjusted new types of work conduct as per the new administrative job discernments. As indicated by Waters (1996) since the time individuals began to cooperate to arrive at a shared objective, activities the executives has been a significant fixing, yet since the modern upheaval, it has become most quickly. Activities the executives is the apparatus behind the specialized enhancements that makes creation effective. It is the best approach to design and sort out how the innovation and apparatus will be used the most. The efficiency in an association relies upon both the correct innovation and the correct method to oversee it (Waters, 1996). Nonetheless, TQM can be a triumph or disappointment relying upon how well it is arranged, actualized, estimated, and empowered. Few would differ that consistent improvement offers generous advantages for producers (McNamara, 1999). As a fundamental precept of TQM, nonstop improvement can empower producers to meet the serious weights of the worldwide economy head-on, and to create methodologies for

Sunday, July 12, 2020

College Essay Examples - What Do They Mean?

College Essay Examples - What Do They Mean?If you are a student who would like to learn more about how to write an essay, but don't have the time or inclination to write one on your own, there are a number of college essay examples available. These examples can be used as a guide or a jumping off point for your own style and can be very helpful for students who want to write a particular type of essay.The most popular type of essay examples that are available online are those in the form of essays on the Internet. You can read these essays online at a number of different sites that contain examples in essay form. These writing examples are often published by professional writers and provide the student with good ways to learn how to structure their own essay.The second type of college essay examples are essays that are hosted by educators themselves. The best known and most well known of these is usually the Common Core English Writing Standards essay, which gives students some great guidelines for how to structure a college essay. You can also find other common essay examples such as essay examples in essay form from the AP English Literature Exam.In addition to essays written by professional writers, you can also find a wide variety of essay examples from educational websites. There are a number of sites online that host these examples. They allow students to learn how to organize their own essays and make sure that they have a good understanding of how to structure them. For example, some sites have different ways of organizing the essay format, depending on whether it is an essay about sports, literature, history, or science.A third type of essay examples are the more general ones that are available to the public. Many of these come in the form of information leaflets or brochures. College papers are always written on a variety of subjects, and this is a way to get all of the information in one place. You can often get free information such as how to organi ze a college essay through the many informational leaflets that are available.Finally, there are a number of companies that offer a variety of college essay examples. There are a number of them that offer the majority of the common college essay formats that you will find on many websites. Some of these are actually being used to help students write their own college essays. They are very helpful and should be used as a guide, so that students know what the basics of college writing are.However, it is important to remember that no matter which essay examples you look at, the key is to write the essay, and then write it again. That is the only way that you will be able to figure out what works and what doesn't. And it is important to realize that the best and most successful essays are often those that have been written over again.A final note: a word of warning is necessary before I leave you. There are a number of people who are very quick to criticize college essay examples online , and these same people are quick to give the same advice to college students who are trying to write their own essays.

Wednesday, May 20, 2020

Abraham Lincoln And The Great Emancipator - 2143 Words

Abraham Lincoln, â€Å" The Great Emancipator,† was the president of the United States from March 1861 to April 1865- when he was assassinated. Lincoln is known world-wide for the Emancipation Proclamation, which accomplished the freeing of the slaves, or so the they taught at the school. What schools don’t teach is that the Emancipation Proclamation had many restraints within it. Slaves were only to be freed in â€Å"rebellious states†: Southern states,(Graham);slavery remained untouched in the states that supported the Union: Northern states, California, and New Mexico territory. The school’s portray Lincoln as an affectionate, gentle, and pure man; but he has all but those characteristics. Lincoln had many opportunities before, and during the Civil War to free all of the slaves, whether they were enslaved in a Southern or Northern state, but he chose not to. Abraham Lincoln was a deceitful president who used the facade of emancipation, and the disregard ment of the constitution as political tactics to gain followers and receive more power in order to advance his secret agenda. â€Å" I have no purpose; directly or indirectly, to interfere with the institution of slavery in the states where it exist...,†(DiLorenzo 21) stated Lincoln, in his First Inaugural address. Slavery existed in eighteen states; there were about 3,950,528 slaves living in those states, (Einstein). He backed up his statement in his First Inaugural Address by saying that he has no purpose to interfere withShow MoreRelatedThe Great Emancipator : Abraham Lincoln894 Words   |  4 PagesThe Great Emancipator Abraham Lincoln became the president of the United States of America in March of 1861. While he led the country through one of the worst wars in the history of America, he is most known for abolishing slavery through the Emancipation Proclamation, thus giving him the nickname of â€Å"The Great Emancipator.† There are a great amount of debates on whether Lincoln was worthy of this title, one reason being that the Emancipation Declaration was limited and did not abolish slavery,Read MoreAbraham Lincoln : The Great Emancipator1590 Words   |  7 PagesSarmiento 6 Abraham Lincoln: The Great Emancipator During Abraham Lincoln’s presidency, the United States was divided into North and South, who were at war with one another. Recognizing the nation needed a determined leader to guide them into prosperity, Lincoln devised his plan for success. Lincoln’s attempts to preserve the North, while uniting them with the South seemed to be failing as the war continued throughout his first term. Once Lincoln got reelected in 1864, he set out to succeed inRead MoreThe Great Emancipator By President Abraham Lincoln947 Words   |  4 PagesThe Great Emancipator While in office, President Abraham Lincoln led the country through the Civil War, he is most known as being responsible for the abolishing of slavery through the Emancipation Proclamation, thus giving him the nickname of â€Å"The Great Emancipator.† Technically speaking, the Emancipation Declaration did not actually abolish slavery in itself, rather it led to the 13th Amendment, which did end slavery in January of 1865. At brief glance, the Emancipation Proclamation’s sole purposeRead MoreAbraham Lincoln: Great Emancipator or Common Politician?1487 Words   |  6 PagesPresident Abraham Lincoln has been revered as one of the greatest presidents in the history of the United States. He is known for his great effect on slavery and served his terms during the civil war in a time of great controversy. The American Civil War (1860-1865) occurred at the exact time of Lincolns presidency (1861-1865). The North and the South were divided and a big issue was slavery, on which Lincoln took an anti-slavery stance. Lincoln has been called many things because of his views fromRead MoreThe Myth Of Abraham Lincoln1291 Words   |  6 PagesLincoln was a man of many talents that helped form the myths we know today and that most of those myths are well justified. With Lincoln being a man solidified into history and mythology, have the myths overshadowed the facts that truly made his life historically worthy or is it that within every myth lies an element of fact? The myths about Abraham Lincoln are ones of much debate leaving some to say that they accurately depict what Lincoln was and some see them as an embellishment of the truthRead MoreThe Assassination Of Abraham Lincoln1456 Words   |  6 Pagesbe the same today if Abraham Lincoln was never assassinated on the unfortunate night of April 14, 1865. His killer, John Wilkes Booth, had a strong resent for the Union that subsequently caused a dramatic shift in history. This hatred was caused by many factors, such as his background and where he grew up, his lust for power and fame, and his mental illness. John Wilkes Booth, a master assassinator and conspirator, hoped to strengthen the confederacy by killing Abraham Lincoln. However, this murderRead More Abraham Lincoln and Slavery Essay1617 Words   |  7 PagesAbraham Lincoln and Slavery Many Americans believe that Abraham Lincoln was the â€Å"Great Emancipator,† the sole individual who ended slavery, and the man who epitomizes freedom. In his brief presidential term, Lincoln dealt with an unstable nation, with the South seceding from the country and in brink of leaving permanently. The differing ideologies between the North and South about the economy and slavery quickly lead to civil war. It was now the duty of Lincoln to maintain the unityRead MoreAbraham Lincoln : Vampire Hunter971 Words   |  4 PagesAbraham Lincoln is an American President who hasn’t been overlooked in the decades following his death. His character still lives on today as he resonates through popular American culture. Many books and movies have been produced about his life to show the role he played in our history and the impact he had on our country. The most recent film, Abraham Lincoln: Vampire Hunter, captivated audience’s attention with a riveting tale about our sixteenth president hunting vampires. The film contains someRead MoreThe Views On Lincoln s Presidency1738 Words   |  7 PagesLincoln’s opinions and policies toward slavery, and the unification of a nation as a whole, I distinguished that several authors have contending visions of Lincoln’s actions during his presidency. Some authors (Dirck, Guelzo, Striner) portray Lincoln as the great emancipator in depicting him as a crusader whose main purp ose during the Civil War was only to accomplish the abolishment of slavery. In contrast, some authors (Escott, Gates, Foner, and McPherson) maintain a more critical stance on Lincoln’s decisionRead MoreAbraham Lincoln s Political Legacy856 Words   |  4 Pagesof the book Abraham Lincoln’s political legacy is looked at. It goes in depth on how during the Reconstruction, the republican party essentially ruined the South for twelve years by instituting puppet governments that constantly raised taxes but provided very few public benefits (7). This chapter talks also talks about how the republican party stole money from the raised taxes. It seems like the main goal for the government at this point was to become an empire under Abraham Lincoln and his business

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Edgar Allan Poe/William Wilson Research Paper - 652 Words

William Wilson Whether we realize it or not, our penis plays a tremendous role in our everyday life. In William Wilson, Edgar Allan Poe connects the protagonist’s penis to the human mind through his portrayal of a doppelganger theme as well as the usage of penises throughout the story. Although Poe was a poet by choice, he wrote some his most notable stories between 1838 and 1843, including William Wilson. After being orphaned in 1811, Edgar was taken in by a merchant who later became his godfather. He â€Å"attended the classical academy of Dr. John Bransby at Stoke Newington† (Mabbott, 1). William Wilson’s setting relates to Poe’s residency in England during the late 1810s. The â€Å"large, rambling, Elizabethan house, in a misty-looking†¦show more content†¦The second William Wilson has been following the first Wilson around, trying to thwart and expose his malicious deeds. He haunts the protagonist, representing his own insanity. After discovering that the two boys share the same name, birthday, age, and many other characteristics, the protagonist begins to realize that the second Wilson is following him around, attempting to expose him of his deeds (Poe). The theme of the double is presented in the story with the two Wilsons. The second Wilson, representing the human conscience, followed the first Wilson wherever he went eventually showing his own insanity. The imagery in the story gives the reader a feeling of spookiness. Poe describes the house as â€Å"old and irregular. The grounds were extensive, and a high and solid brick wall, topped with a bed of mortar and broken glass, encompassed the whole† (Poe, 2). The broken glass gives the reader a spooky feeling, at the same time hinting possible danger. It creates an image of an old haunted house, making the reader feel wary. In addition, the gate was â€Å"riveted and studded with iron bolts, and surmounted with jagged penis iron spikes† (Poe, 2). The gate has its own sense of eeriness in itself, giving off a feeling of horror and creating a mental image of an abandoned house. The land the house is on has been uncared for and left with a haunting appeal, given the broken glass and horrific looking gate with the iron spikes (Poe). With the use of imagery, Poe depicts a settingShow MoreRelated Edgar Allan Poe1 Essay2429 Words   |  10 PagesEdgar Allan Poe1 In every story conceived from the mind of Edgar Allan Poe, a scent of his essence had been molded into each to leave the reader with a better understanding of Poe’s life. Poe displayed his greatest life’s achievements and his worst disappointments in a series of stories created throughout his whole life. It is the goal of this research paper to reveal symbolic facts about his life and define these hidden maxims in a way that is easy to understand and beneficial to the reader

Guys And Girls Essay Example For Students

Guys And Girls Essay WELL heres a few reasons why guys like girls1. They will always smell good even if its just shampoo 2. The way their heads always find the right spot on our shoulder 3. How cute they look when they sleep 4. the ease in which they fit into our arms 5. the way they kiss you and all of a sudden everything is right inthe world 6. How cute they are when they eat 7. The way they take hours to get dressed but in the end makes it all worth while 8. because they are always warm even when its minus 30 outside 9. the way they look good no matter what they wear 10. the way they fish for compliments even though you both know that you think shes the most beautiful thing on this earth 11. How cute they are when they argue 12. the way her hand always finds yours 13. the way they smile 14. the way you feel when you see their name on the call ID after you just had a big fight 15. The way she says lets not fight anymore even though you know that an hour later you will be arguing about something 16. the way they kiss when you do something nice for them 17. The way they kiss you when you say I love you 18. Actually just the way they kiss you 19. the way they fall into your arms when they cry 20. then the way they apologize for crying over something that silly 21. The way they hit you and expect it to hurt 22. Then the way apologize when it does hurt . (even though we dont admit it)! 23. the way they say I miss you 24. the way you miss them 25. the way their tears make you want to change the world so that it doesnt hurt her anymore..Yet regardless if you love them, hate them, wish they would die or know that you would die without them it matters not. Because once in your life, whatever they were to the world they become everything to you. When you look them in the eyes, traveling to the depths of their souls and you say a million things without trace of a sound, you know that your own life is inevitable consumed within the rhythmic beatings of her very heart. We love them for a million reasons, No paper would do it justice. It is a thing not of the mind but of the heart. A feeling. Only felt. Words/ Pages : 704 / 24

Thursday, April 23, 2020

Wallia Sports Company Business Platform

Introduction The initial stage of establishing a business and seeing it grow to a successful venture is very demanding and it requires surviving the initial startup hurdles. Successful startups have evaded many entrepreneurs and in the process, many of them have ended up closing shop after only a few years in operation.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Wallia Sports Company Business Platform specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This is the reason why Klofsten developed an idea that would help startups self evaluate their progress and seize their business strength and chances of survival. Klofsten called this idea the Business Platform and argued that for any startup to survive, it must attain a business platform (Davidsson Klofsten 2003). Such a platform would help the businesses tackle and overcome startup vulnerabilities. Klofsten (1998) continues to explain that even though the business platform may not necessari ly guarantee survival of the business, its achievement is very crucial for the growth of a company. Therefore business platform is not the ultimate goal in any company’s development but is nonetheless vital for success (Bell Mason 1991). This platform can be used in new technology based small firms (NTSFs) as a tool to help them do a self- diagnosis on their developmental needs and strategies. It distinguishes between goals and tools for business growth (Yencken Gillin 2006). Therefore it is a very useful tool in evaluating Wallia Sports, a new technology based small firm dealing with sports technology, developmental needs and opportunities in the sports technology market. Wallia Sports Wallia sports in a company that deals with the development and marketing of sports technologies and goods such as the digital tachometer. This is a new invention for use with modern gym equipment or rowing boats. The other product that Wallia sports have developed is the stepometer, a device designed for use by amateur runners. The company is owned by Digitech and a few other stakeholders, with Digitech holding the majority shares and control. The company was established after an extensive market survey on the necessity for its products. The investors contributed a lot of capital during the years of operation of the company. However, there were no commensurate returns with the company registering a partly  £62,000 return on its fourth year after establishment despite a  £625,000 initial capital injection. Eventually the company folded due to a number of reasons, most of which can be summarized using Klofsten’s business platform model Wallia Sport strengths for growth Despite the fact that the company did not grow to its full potential, it had several growth opportunities. Davidson and Klofsten (2003) argue that any successful start up must have the relevant and fully qualified staffs to help the company develop products and services that are relevant to the market.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More As a result, the staff helps the company attain market competency. Such staff must not only have the relevant academic qualification and credentials but also the relevant experience and skills. Lack of business skills among the staff is a big impediment for the company’s growth (Davis, Vladica Berkowitz 2008). In its attainment of a business platform, Wallia Sports assembled a versatile team of experts in all fields who had the necessary qualifications in both academia and business skills. They had vast experience in the field of sports technology management as well as in starting up of new businesses. Furthermore the team complemented each other in terms of knowledge. The company’s experience was drawn from both individual and corporate background such as Digitech (founding firm) and Venture Capital in starting and run ning small business. The board of management which had vast knowledge and experience in marketing was also included, as well as a host of other individuals with diverse knowledge and business experience. This rich base of knowledge and expertise set the company up for effective competition with its peers in the sports technology market. At inception, Wallia Sports had a very rich source of equity and capital for investment. Ability to access investment capital means that the company was ready for investment. The investment readiness of the company had the potential to attract credible investors (Mason Harrison 2004). Several firms, such as European venture, capital companies, Digitech, Anglo Sports Retail and a US Investment Fund injected capital in excess of  £625,000 over the first three years of existence. Such investment readiness was also boasted by the fact that the company had the relevant expertise in human personnel. The company also had a very strong driving force in th e early stages of its existence. The founders not only had a strong desire to create employment but also were driven by the need to create and build a successful company. That is why the company hired experienced and qualified staff and equity partners. Digitech also made consistent efforts to create a successful business and was committed to the company’s present and future growth. Moreover, the company felt the need to develop more than one income generating opportunity (Yenckin Gillian 2006; Klofsten 1998).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Wallia Sports Company Business Platform specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The company thus developed two sports technology equipment, the tachometer and stepometer. Everyone at the company including the capital investors, management board and industrial firms, was committed to making the company a successful business venture with keen attention to future prospects. E quity holders had made significant in investment capital and were interested in making sufficient returns on their investment. The organization had taken the necessary steps towards conducting market research for its products with the intention of commercializing them. The idea was to develop products that had a niche over the competing products in the market (Klofsten 1998; Hindle Yenckin 2004). The tachometer was a revolution and the newest sports technologies application to rowing. The researchers and judges from the University of Oxford found out the product had very unique technological advantages that would have made the commercialization of the product a worthwhile venture. In order to ensure that the products were commercially viable the company invested a lot of money and time in market research before rolling out the business. The company had also aimed at achieving a business platform by taking the necessary steps towards establishing and marking out potential customers and market niche. This is achieved through several steps. They include gathering information through research. The resultant market intelligence generates valuable insight into potential market and possible competition. Other than this the organization should be supplied with the relevant personnel experts in sales and marketing as well as experienced leadership (Yenckien Gillian; Klofsten 1998). In addition, a clear and profitable market niche for products and services had to be identified. This also includes qualifying the market potential and creating contacts with the market (Klofste 1998). As such, the company had included some of the most competent marketers as part of the board of directors’ team. After a thorough market research, Wallia Sports identified a potential market in TechnoGym and Puma, two large corporations that would have given the company a large customer base. The company also calculated sales for its two products and the results were impressive. Market intelligence for the company comes from its own internally conducted research and supplemented by market intelligence from the inventors and researchers of the two products at the University of Oxford. The company has achieved the four main elements of competitiveness. The four are qualified experienced human capital, a founder (Digitech) who had the management knowledge in this business, vast industry knowledge by the founder on the industry and the ability to attract capital from potential and experienced investors and equity firms (Gummesson 2002; Westhead, Wright Ucbasaran 2001).Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More On these four variables the company attained a commendable score on achieving a business platform for sustainable growth and competitiveness in the sports technology market and as such had a very good opportunity for growth. Wallia business development needs and opportunities The company had made the expected progress in the first years of existence. Despite the fact that the company had achieved commendable business plat form then, it still ended up winding up ten years after it was established. This is due to a number of potential opportunities for growth and development that the company had but did not utilize. Some of the weaknesses occurred in product development, relations establishment, and company management and ownership which led the company to lose focus. There are other opportunities that influence a company’s strategy which in turn has an effect on a company’s organizational structure (Williamson 1984). Williamson further notes that there is a difference i n ownership and management structures between large firms and small firms especially startups. In the small firms ownership and management are rarely separated while in large corporations the management is distanced from ownership. This is due to the complexities that arise from these two issues. Business ownership and management affects to a large extent other variables such as business objectives, the overall business practices, and marketing of products. The reason for the success of big corporations is their ability to separate the two (Beaver 2003). The genesis of Wallia Sports had been its inability to separate management and ownership. The company was owned and management by its majority shareholders, led by Digitech its founder. It also had successive changes in equity holders and managers for the short period it existed and as such the company did not achieve operational consistency. The management and ownership structure led to several disagreements over the running of the company. This resulted in several equity holders, investors, managers and relationship officers to walk out before any meaningful gain was made on business. Other than management and ownership vulnerabilities, the company failed to establish a credible business platform in relation to both the internal and external partners. For successful growth and development a company must establish sufficient relationship with customers (Klofsten 1998). Maintaining worthy relationships has a long- term positive effect and helps a firm plan and eliminates the risk of running out of business (Gummesson 2002). Out of the eight relationships that Wallia sport created none of them was customer oriented. As such the company did not have a direct contact with the clients, a major shortcoming in its growth strategy. The firm did not also go beyond defining the potential users. The only worthy relationship the company created was with financiers and this kind of relationship does not address growth and development issues (Westhead, Wright Ucbasaran 2001) Wallia Sports set out to market two distinct products, which had the potential for commercialization. The two products were the company’s main focus for the entire duration of its existence. For a company to attain a business platform it must develop prototypes of products and services, test them against the market and make sure that the products meets customer approval before commercialization (Klofsten 1998; Klofsten 2005). Wallia’s weakness is that it started to market a product that it had not tasted on potential users. There was no prototype of the tachometer and the stepometer up until the ninth year and by then, the company was beyond redemption. Therefore the firm did not have a finished product for sale. As such the products were met with a lot of customer dissatisfaction. Conclusion The company had very good opportunities for growth and development from the onset. It had attained a considerable level of b usiness platform by way of achieving the four valuable elements of profitable establishment: human capital, market and industry knowledge, committed founder and the ability to attract capital. These were significant milestones for the company. However there are other opportunities that the company encountered but the firm failed to recognize these opportunities. The firm had an opportunity to create valuable customer relationships with clients for profitable growth but did not. Instead of the company developing prototypes of its products, it ended up marketing products that ha not been tested on market suitability. This led to low sales and eventual collapse. As such the company did not utilize opportunities available to attain full business platform, which would have helped it to survive. Reference List Beaver, G., 2003. Management and the small firm. Strategic Change, Vol. 12, pp.  63 – 68. Bell, C., Mason, H., 1991. A method to diagnose high tech venture. Technology man agement: the new international language. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley. Davidsson, P., Klofsten, M., 2003. The business platform: developing an instrument to gauge and to assist the development young firms. Journal of business  management, Vol. 41,  No. 1, January 2003 , pp. 1-26. Davis, C., Vladica, F., Berkowitz, I., 2008. Business capabilities of small entrepreneurial media firms: independent production of children’s television in Canada. Journal of media and business studies. Web. Available from www.jombs.com/files/2008512.pdf . Gummesson, E., 2002. The new marketing- Developing long-term interactive relationships. Long range planning, Vol. 20, No. 4, pp 10-20 Hindle, K., Yencken, J., 2004. Public research, commercialism, entrepreneurship and new technology based firm: an integrated model. Technovation, Vol. 24, pp. 793 – 803 Klofsten, M. 2005. New venture ideas: an analysis of their origin and early development. Technology analysis and strategic management. J ournal of Technology Analysis and  Strategic Management, Vol. 17, No. 1, pp. 105–119. Klosten, M., 1998. The business platform entrepreneurship and management in the early stages of a firm’s development. Technovation, Vol. 24, No. 10, pp. 793-803. Mason, C., Harriso, R., 2004. Improving access to early stage venture capital in regional economies: a new approach to investment readiness. The Journal of the Local Economy Policy Unit, Vol. 19, No. 2, pp. 159-173 Yencken, J., Gillin, M., 2006. The Klofesten business platform as a self diagnostic tool for new technology based small firms. Paper for HTSF conference 2006. Web. Available from www.utwente.nl/mb/nikos/archief/htsf2006/papers/yenckenetal.pdf . Westhead, P. Wright, M. and Ucbasaran, D. 2001. The internationalization of new and small firms: A resource-based view. Journal of Business Venturing, Vol. 16, No. 4. Williamson, J., 1984, The Leader-manager. London: John Wiley and Sons This report on Wallia Sports Company Business Platform was written and submitted by user Myst1que to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.